Thursday, 10 February 2011
Mediawhirl
Paper One HL
Part one books







Edward S. Herman, Noam Chomsky



Thomas de Zengotita

Nancy Snow
Resource Material Shakespeare
(Cambridge School Shakespeare)
Rex Gibson
analysing Shakespeare
Common variants to the iambic foot include
- the trochee, a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable
- a spondee, two stressed syllables that comprise one foot.
- A feminine ending is a weak extra syllable (an eleventh syllable) added to an iambic pentameter line, as in Hamlet’s soliloquy, which begins, “To be, or not to be—that is the question.” (The stressed syllables are in bold. Some actors, however, stress “that” instead of “is,” making that one foot a trochaic foot.) The “-tion” is an unstressed syllable or feminine ending. The use of the feminine ending forms a pattern in this speech, denoting the uncertainty of Hamlet. Once he has made up his mind to live, the speech reverts to regular iambic lines. He is now in control.
- A shared line is a regular metric line that is shared by two or possibly three actors. The line must be spoken without pauses or breaths between the actors’ lines. These shared lines create a rhythm. This rhythm may show tension in the scene, as with the lines shared between Macbeth and Lady Macbeth after the murder of Duncan (II.2).
Another variant of the normal iambic pentameter line is the use of the short line.
- A short line is an iambic line that has fewer than five metric feet. The actor must “fill” missing feet in the line with an action or a reaction. In Hamlet, the Ghost’s line, “I am thy father’s spirit,” is two stresses or three syllables short. This dramatic pause is for reaction time for Hamlet (I.5.9-20). Additional examples from this same scene include lines 46- 48:
An additional variation of the iambic pentameter line is the long line.
- A long line is a six-foot line (hexameter). If there is a caesura or pause (discussed in a later paragraph) after the third stress, it is called an Alexandrine. The use of the Alexandrine is to make the line symmetrical, to give it balance. It may be that the character is emotionally overloaded and can’t express his or her emotions adequately in a five-foot line. In Hamlet, Claudius’ guilt and loss of control is seen in his speech to Hamlet in Act I, scene 2, lines 90-121. The speech is made up primarily of eleven and twelve syllable lines. Claudius is talking about the death of his brother, Hamlet’s father, and Hamlet’s obsessive grief. Hamlet’s dislike of his uncle has been made plain, so Claudius tries to bluster his way through this scene that is being played out in front of the entire court. He is trying to gain control over Hamlet as well as his own emotions or guilt, and, in doing so, he goes overboard. This lack of control and frustration is seen through the use of lines with feminine endings and the use of the Alexandrine or long line.
Other terms relate directly to the pauses and breaths taken in a speech.
- An end-stop line is a line in which both the metric and grammatical endings occur at the end of the line. There is usually a period or semicolon. There should be a full pause and possibly a breath.
- If the sense of a line carries over to the next line, it is an enjambed line. With an enjambed line, there should be only a slight pause after the last word in the line is emphasized. McEvoy adds that a colon is used as an emphatic pause and capital letters were used for both proper names and for words that were particularly important in the context of the speech and should be stressed (41). Another place for a pause occurs at a caesura, a break or sense pause in the middle of a line of poetry, often at the end of the sense meaning of an enjambed line. Although an actor should pause at a caesura, short breaths should be taken only when planned and necessary. A caesura allows words preceding it to “sink in,” places focus on the word or phrase following it, slows the language down, or separates phrases and allows the listener to hear and digest them one at a time (Van Tassel, 28).
Although blank verse is supposed to be unrhymed, Shakespeare does use rhyme in his plays, more often in his early plays like The Taming of the Shrew than in the later plays like Hamlet. Rhyme can sometimes be used for comic effect or to create a light-hearted or teasing tone. It can be also be used to show a bantering or challenging tone. In addition, rhyme can be used seriously. Regardless of the purpose of the rhyme, the actor must play to the rhyme and emphasize it. It is there for a purpose. Rhymed couplets are also used to indicate the end of scenes or to mark a passage as distinctive from the rest of the verse that surrounded it (McEvoy, 49-50).
Prose is also used in Shakespeare’s plays. Prose was often used for letters and proclamations, low status characters, an expression of madness, or comedy (Gibson, Acting Shakespeare, 71). However, Shakespearean prose was very lyrical and rhythmic. Shakespeare made use of imagery, repetition, antithesis, and parallelism in his prose. It was not merely everyday speech.
As Shakespeare matured as a playwright, he used more prose for serious speeches. Switching from verse to prose may indicate that a character is losing control or becoming confused, but not necessarily. An example of prose that is used seriously is in Hamlet’s exchange with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern in the “What a piece of work is man” speech (II.2.317-334). Hamlet is speaking the language of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, but his meaning in this serious speech is over their heads.
the menu
Tone
Structure
Language/Diction
Syntax
Register
Literary elements
Allusion (classical, Biblical)
Intertextuality
Allegory
Voorlopige planning IB 2011-2012
Marnix College Ede
V5IB
Before Christmas
· SL: part 3 book 1 (free choice)genre prose: One flew over the cuckoo’s nest
· SL: part 1: studying academic texts for Language in a cultural context (1)
· SL: part 2: Language and Mass communication
-advertisements
· SL: Written Task 1 (based on part 1 or 2)
After Christmas
· SL: part 3 book 2 (PLT)
· SL: part 1: studying academic texts for Language in a cultural context (2)
· SL: part 2: Language and Mass communication
-newspapers
· SL: Written Task 2 (based on part 1 or 2)
· SL: Further Oral 1 (based on part 1 or 2)
V6IB
Before Christmas
· SL: part 4 book 1 (PLA) genre: drama: Hamlet
· SL: part 4 book 2 (PLA)genre: prose:
· SL: part 1: studying academic texts for Language in a cultural context (3)
· SL: part 2: Language and Mass communication
-advertising
· SL: Further Oral 2 (based on part 1 or 2)
· Regulier: -Kijk en luistertoets 1
-Grammatica en Vocabulaire toets
-2 boekverslagen
After Christmas
· Individual Orals (just after Christmas)
· SL: part 1: studying academic texts for Language in a cultural context (4)
· SL: part 2: Language and Mass communication
-newspapers
· SL: Written Task 3 (based on part 4)
· Regulier: -Brief
-Kijk en luistertoets 2
-Spreektoets
-Literatuurtoets
· SL: IB exams Paper 1 (comparative textual analysis)
· SL: IB exams Paper 2 (essay)
Guy Kawasaki 10-20-30
blog.guykawasaki.com/2005/12/the_102030_rule.html#axzz1DY7RRljv
youtube.com/watch?v=liQLdR0Ziw
Planning
YEAR 1:
1st semester: Part 1! Context + Part 2 Mass Media
2nd semester: Part 3 text 1 (link to Part 1=great but not necessary)
Task 2 (answer question 1-4)
Part 1: Context 1 continued
Part 2: Mass media (light?)
CHRISTMAS BREAK....
3rd semester: Part 2: MASS MEDIA (how media manipulates audience)
Part 1: Context 2
4th semester: Part 4 text 1
Written Assignment
Written Task 2 (questions 5-6)
Summer reading 1->2 : Book on one of the contexts from part 1 + one novel. Have parents buy their kids' books!
Part 4 texts 2+3 (depending on when Individual Orals are)
Part 1: Start Mass Media (welcome back)
Start writing written tasks (in Autumn break have them come up with at least 4 ideas)
2nd semester:
Part 2: Mass media + News
Part 1: context 3
Written Task (based part 4)
Part 3 2nd + 3rd text
Part 1: context 4?
Final revisions?
Written Task(based on Part 3)
Paper 1 & Paper 2
Put Further Orals in open slots throughout both years (at least 4, send off 1)
Comments
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Average time spent on a book?? 10 weeks is too long... do it in 3 weeks, and hand out the book the first day in year one or two!!
DO MAJOR ASSESSMENTS OUTSIDE OF SCHOOL'S TESTWEEK (if possible)
Teach your Part 4 texts just before the Individual Oral Exam (depending on where you put them)
Do approx. 5 Further Orals
Only have the students write rationales for the Written Tasks they actually hand in